August 8, 117 Roman emperor Trajan died at Selinus (southern coast of Sicily) at age 63. 1220 Sweden was defeated by Estonian tribes in the Battle of Lihula. The short-lived Swedish attempt to gain a foothold in Estonia was motivated by the quickly advancing Danish and German crusaders who had been able to conquer most of the area in the early 13th century. 1503 King James IV of Scotland married Margaret Tudor, daughter of King Henry VII of England at Holyrood Abbey, Edinburgh, Scotland. 1588 Anglo-Spanish War: Battle of Gravelines – The naval engagement concluded, ending the Spanish Armada's attempt to invade England.
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