January 1
45 BC
Julius Caesar's calendar reform: 365 days in 12 months with leap years every
four years was introduced.
43 BC Cicero delivered his Fifth Philippic (fifth of
a series of speeches condemning Mark Antony) in the Roman Senate.
27 BC
Octavian became the first emperor of Rome and took the name Caesar Augustus.
4
Gladiator
04 Last gladiator competition in Rome.
The Borgias
1431 Pope Alexander VI (Rodrigo Borgia)
was born.
1600 Scotland began its numbered year on January 1 instead of March
25.
1651 Charles II was crowned King of Scotland.
1801 The Act of Union between
Great Britain and Ireland created the United Kingdom.
November 2
All Souls’ Day.
1164 Thomas Becket, the Archbishop of
Canterbury, left Britain because of a quarrel with King Henry II. He fled to Flanders and stayed away from
England for 6 years.
1093 Malcolm III MacDuncan, King of Scots, was killed
while laying siege to Alnwick in an invasion of England. He was succeeded by his brother Donald Bane.
1355 English invasion army under King Edward landed at Calais.
1541 Henry VIII
was informed that Katherine Howard was involved in two affairs before their
marriage.
1570 A tidal wave in the North Sea destroyed the sea walls from
Holland to Jutland. More than 1,000 people were killed.
