1256 The Augustinian monastic order was constituted at the Lecceto Monastery in Tuscany when Pope Alexander IV issued a papal bull Licet ecclesiae catholicae.
1415 Religious reformers John Wycliffe and Jan Hus were condemned as heretics at the Council of Constance.
1471 Wars of the Roses: the Yorkists defeated the Lancastrians at the battle of Tewkesbury.
1493 Pope Alexander VI divided the New World between Spain and Portugal along the Line of Demarcation.
